From less to more strict:
Level 1:
- When working with well defined germs that not consistently cause diseases (e.g. E. coli) and non-infectious bacteria.
- open bench.
Level 2:
- When working with germs that cause mild disease to human (e.g. Salmonella, C. difficile, MRSA) and are of limited transmissable by aerosols. Treatment for the infection caused by these germs is available.
- use of biosafety cabinet (plus extra precaution when working with sharp).
Level 3:
- When working with germs that can easily spread by aerosols and germs that can cause severe diseases (M. tuberculosis, Rickettsia) Treatment for the infection caused by these germs is available.
- three items are needed: a preroom (in Dutch: sas), under pressure in the room, and HEPA filter.
- in some lab, all sputum is handled in containment level 3, while in some other only sputum with high probability of tuberculosis infection is handled in level 3.
Level 4:
- When working with very infectious germs that can cause severe diseases (e.g. Marburg virus, Lassa virus).
- Positive pressure suit of personnel, complete isolation of the room.
Level 1:
- When working with well defined germs that not consistently cause diseases (e.g. E. coli) and non-infectious bacteria.
- open bench.
Level 2:- When working with germs that cause mild disease to human (e.g. Salmonella, C. difficile, MRSA) and are of limited transmissable by aerosols. Treatment for the infection caused by these germs is available.
- use of biosafety cabinet (plus extra precaution when working with sharp).
Level 3:
- When working with germs that can easily spread by aerosols and germs that can cause severe diseases (M. tuberculosis, Rickettsia) Treatment for the infection caused by these germs is available.
- three items are needed: a preroom (in Dutch: sas), under pressure in the room, and HEPA filter.
- in some lab, all sputum is handled in containment level 3, while in some other only sputum with high probability of tuberculosis infection is handled in level 3.
Level 4:
- When working with very infectious germs that can cause severe diseases (e.g. Marburg virus, Lassa virus).
- Positive pressure suit of personnel, complete isolation of the room.
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