Investigation of faeces

Significant pathogens
- Salmonella, shigella --> MacConkey agar, Salmonella is black, further ID using chemical reaction batteries such as: indole, niacin. Also look at gas formation........ (?) does not form gas..... form gas.
- Campylobacter: needs a special environment, 42C and with CO2.
- Clostridium difficile:
   - Rapid test on the faeces
     --> + for toxin: C. difficile with toxin.
     --> - for toxin: --> culture (48 hours) and  cytotoxic test.
   - Culture
      --> ID: using MALDI
      --> rapid test for toxin
            --> +: C. difficile with toxin.
            --> -: Enrichment broth
    - Enrichment broth:
       --> toxine test.


Helicobacter pylori
- Samples are mostly biopt from the stomach.
- These samples are transported using a medium that withdraw oxygen (for example port-a-cul).
- Large producer of urease (other is Corynebacterium urealyticum)  
- Helicobacter: fastidious, for antibiogram 3 McFarland is needed (anaerob: 1 McFarland, aerob: 0.5 McFarland).

Four standard plates in our laboratory
- Hektoen Enteric Agar: Salmonella and Shigella detection.
- Butzler: Campylobacter
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